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Morph lab

SPATHAM → espada · épée · spada

Italian and Romanian tolerate s + consonant at the start of a word (spada; Romanian spată, now the shoulder blade, while its sword is the loan spadă); Spanish, Portuguese and Catalan prop it up with e-, and French did too before letting the s fall silent — which is why so many French words begin with é where Spanish has es-.

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Spoken Latin

SPATHAM

‘sword (Latin: broad blade)’

ItalianStep 1 of 3
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

SpanishStep 1 of 4
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

FrenchStep 1 of 5
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

PortugueseStep 1 of 5
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

RomanianStep 1 of 3
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

CatalanStep 1 of 4
/ˈspatʰam/

Latin accusative, from Greek; a broad two-edged blade

Italian and Romanian tolerate s + consonant at the start of a word (spada; Romanian spată, now the shoulder blade, while its sword is the loan spadă); Spanish, Portuguese and Catalan prop it up with e-, and French did too before letting the s fall silent — which is why so many French words begin with é where Spanish has es-.

Forms are written in IPA, the International Phonetic Alphabet: one symbol, one sound. Stressed syllables carry ˈ. Dates are approximate and given only where the handbooks agree. 24 word journeys.