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"June" in seven languages

MeaningJune

Spanish

junio

/ˈxunjo/

masc.learned

Semi-learned: a fully popular form would have turned ni into ñ, as in SENIŌREM → señor.

French

juin

/ʒɥɛ̃/

masc.inherited

Italian

giugno

/ˈdʒuɲɲo/

masc.inherited

Portuguese

junho

/ˈʒũɲu/

masc.inherited

Latin -NI- before a vowel became the palatal nh, as in vinha from VĪNEAM.

Romanian

iunie

/ˈjunie/

masc.learned

Catalan

juny

/ʒuɲ/

masc.inherited

English

June

/dʒun/

from Latin/French · Latin Iūnius (partly via Old French juin)

English → ItalianJunegiugnoCognateSame source — inherited, learned or borrowed. You can recognize it.What English and Italian share

The Latin ancestor

IŪNIUM‘June (traditionally the month of Juno)’

All six sisters descend from it, unless marked otherwise below.

The story

Latin I- took each sister's own sound, as in IOCUM → juego, jeu, gioco. Italian giugno shows the regular gn from NI; Spanish junio stayed closer to the Latin.

Sound laws at work

Initial I- (J-) and G before E, INN, GN and N + yod

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In a sentence

  • esSu cumpleaños es en junio.
  • frSon anniversaire est en juin.
  • itIl suo compleanno è a giugno.
  • ptO aniversário dela é em junho.
  • roZiua ei de naștere este în iunie.
  • caEl seu aniversari és al juny.
  • enHer birthday is in June.

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