"operation" in seven languages
Meaningoperation
Spanish
/opeɾaˈθjon/
fem.learned
French
/opeʁasjɔ̃/
fem.learned
Italian
/operatˈtsjone/
fem.learned
Portuguese
/opeɾaˈsɐ̃w/
fem.learned
Romanian
/opeˈratsje/
fem.learned
Catalan
/upəɾəˈsjo/
fem.learned
English
/ɑpəˈɹeɪʃən/
from Latin/French · Old French operacion, from Latin
The Latin ancestor
OPERĀTIŌNEM‘a working (OPUS 'work')’
All six sisters descend from it, unless marked otherwise below.
The story
All from OPUS 'work'; its plural OPERA, 'works', became the Italian word for a musical drama. In all four languages an operation is also surgery.
English relatives: operate, operator, opera, opus
Sound laws at work
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In a sentence
- esLa operación salió bien.
- frL'opération s'est bien passée.
- itL'operazione è andata bene.
- ptA operação correu bem.
- roOperația a decurs bine.
- caL'operació va anar bé.
- enThe operation went well.
The Latin family
OPUS, OPER-· work
Latin had both OPUS 'a work' and OPERA 'effort, labour'; the sisters inherited the second: obra, œuvre, opera. Spanish shows the popular P → b (obrar, obrero) against the learned operar, operación, and Italian's sung opera is simply 'the work'. Portuguese and Catalan obra are inherited as well; Romanian borrowed operă from the learned side.
OPERAMeffort, work
esobrafrœuvreitoperaptobrarooperăcaobraenopera
OPERĀRIUMworkman
esobrerofrouvrieritoperaioptoperáriocaobrer
OPERĀRĪto work
esoperarfropéreritoperareptoperarrooperacaoperarenoperate
OPERĀTIŌNEMa working
esoperaciónfropérationitoperazioneptoperaçãorooperațiecaoperacióenoperation
*MANUOPERAhandwork
esmaniobrafrmanœuvreitmanovraptmanobraromanevrăcamaniobraenmanoeuvre
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