"raw (uncooked)" in seven languages
Meaningraw (uncooked)
Spanish
crudo
/ˈkɾudo/
inherited
French
cru
/kʁy/
inherited
fem.: crue
Don't confuse it with cru, the past participle of croire.
Italian
crudo
/ˈkrudo/
inherited
Prosciutto crudo is cured, uncooked ham.
Portuguese
cru
/kɾu/
inherited
fem.: crua
Intervocalic -d- fell away: CRŪDUM → cru.
Romanian
crud
/krud/
inherited
Catalan
cru
/kɾu/
inherited
fem.: crua
English
raw
/ɹɔ/
Indo-European kin · PIE *kreuh₂- 'raw flesh'
English → Italianraw (uncooked)crudoDistant cognateRelated only through Indo-European, thousands of years back (night ~ noche). But English has relatives: crude, cruel, crudités.What English and Italian share
The Latin ancestor
CRŪDUM‘raw, bloody’
All six sisters descend from it, unless marked otherwise below.
The story
French lost the d between vowels and fronted Ū to [y]: CRŪDUM → cru. English raw is a distant Indo-European relative; crude and cruel are the borrowed ones.
English relatives: crude, cruel, crudités
Sound laws at work
Learn it
In a sentence
- es¿Comes pescado crudo?
- frTu manges du poisson cru ?
- itMangi il pesce crudo?
- ptVocê come peixe cru?
- roMănânci pește crud?
- caMenges peix cru?
- enDo you eat raw fish?