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"to include" in seven languages

Meaningto include

Spanish

incluir

/inkluˈiɾ/

learned

French

inclure

/ɛ̃klyʁ/

learned

Shaped after conclure; 'including' is usually y compris.

Italian

includere

/inˈkludere/

learned

Portuguese

incluir

/ĩkluˈih/

learned

Romanian

include

/inˈklude/

learned

Catalan

incloure

/iŋˈklɔwɾə/

learned

Shaped after inherited cloure 'to close' (CLAUDERE).

English

include

/ɪnˈklud/

from Latin/French · Latin INCLŪDERE

English → Italianto includeincludereCognateSame source — inherited, learned or borrowed. You can recognize it.What English and Italian share

The Latin ancestor

INCLŪDERE‘to shut in (IN + CLAUDERE)’

All six sisters descend from it, unless marked otherwise below.

The story

A learned word in all four, so the shapes barely differ; only the verb class changes (-ir, -re, -ere). The inherited CLAUDERE survives in French clore 'to close'.

English relatives: inclusive, conclude, exclude, seclude

Learn it

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In a sentence

  • esEl precio incluye el desayuno.
  • frLe prix inclut le petit-déjeuner.
  • itIl prezzo include la colazione.
  • ptO preço inclui o café da manhã.
  • roPrețul include micul dejun.
  • caEl preu inclou l'esmorzar.
  • enThe price includes breakfast.

More in Core verbs

All Core verbs words