"to be" in sette lingue
Significatoto be
Spagnolo
/seɾ/
altra origine · probably Latin SEDĒRE 'to sit' (Old Spanish seer) for the infinitive — some derive it from *ESSERE; most forms (soy, es, era, fui) come from ESSE
Ser is for identity and lasting traits; location and passing states take estar.
Francese
/ɛtʁ/
ereditaria
Old French estre: spoken Latin *ESSERE, with a t slipped in between s and r; the circumflex marks the lost s.
Italiano
/ˈɛssere/
ereditaria
Portoghese
/seh/
altra origine · probably Latin SEDĒRE 'to sit' (Old Portuguese seer) for the infinitive; most forms (sou, é, era, fui) come from ESSE
Rumeno
/fi/
altra origine · Latin FIERĪ 'to become'
Only the infinitive is from FIERĪ; sunt, ești, este continue ESSE.
Catalano
/se/
ereditaria
The fuller ésser is the traditional written form; speech says ser.
Inglese
/bi/
inglese nativa · Old English bēon
'Is' is a textbook distant cognate of Latin EST (PIE *h₁es-), and 'be' of Latin FUĪ (PIE *bʰuH-).
L’antenato latino
ESSE (spoken Latin *ESSERE)‘to be’
Tutte e sei le sorelle discendono da questa parola, salvo diversa indicazione qui sotto.
La storia
Classical ESSE was too short and too odd for an infinitive, so spoken Latin regularized it to *ESSERE — hence être and essere. Spanish probably took its infinitive from SEDĒRE 'to sit' (Old Spanish seer; disputed), but the conjugation is still mostly ESSE.
Parenti inglesi: essence, essential, absent, present (from forms of ESSE)
Leggi fonetiche all’opera
Imparala
In una frase
- esEs muy alta.
- frElle est très grande.
- itÈ molto alta.
- ptEla é muito alta.
- roEa e foarte înaltă.
- caÉs molt alta.
- enShe is very tall.