"heavy" in sette lingue
Significatoheavy
Spagnolo
/peˈsado/
ereditaria
Also 'annoying' of people: ¡qué pesado!
Francese
/luʁ/
altra origine · Latin LŪRIDUM 'sallow, ghastly', via a sense 'dull, oafish'
Italiano
/peˈsante/
ereditaria
Portoghese
/peˈzadu/
ereditaria
Rumeno
/grew/
altra origine · Latin GRAVEM 'heavy' (in a spoken variant with e)
f.: grea
Catalano
/pəˈzan/
ereditaria
Inglese
/ˈhɛvi/
inglese nativa · Old English hefig
L’antenato latino
PĒNSĀRE‘to weigh (frequentative of PENDERE)’
Tutte e sei le sorelle discendono da questa parola, salvo diversa indicazione qui sotto.
La storia
Spanish and Italian 'heavy' is 'weighed' (PĒNSĀRE, which also gave pensar 'to think' — weighing ideas). French lourd began as Latin LŪRIDUS 'sallow', English lurid.
Parenti inglesi: pensive, poise, compensate (PĒNSĀRE); lurid (LŪRIDUM)
Imparala
In una frase
- esEsta maleta pesa mucho.
- frCette valise est lourde.
- itQuesta valigia è pesante.
- ptEsta mala está pesada.
- roValiza asta e grea.
- caAquesta maleta pesa molt.
- enThis suitcase is heavy.
La famiglia latina
PEND-, PENS-· hang, weigh
PENSĀRE 'to weigh' already lost its n in spoken Latin (NS → S, as in MĒNSA → mesa), giving the inherited pesar, peser, pesare 'to weigh'. The Church and the schools kept the full form for 'weighing things in the mind', and pensar, penser, pensare 'to think' are that learned branch. French even has a third doublet: panser 'to dress (a wound)', originally just a spelling of penser 'to take care of'. Portuguese and Catalan keep both doublets (pesar beside pensar). Romanian kept only the worn-down one, as păsa 'to matter' (nu-mi pasă 'I don't care'), and thinks with gândi, a Hungarian loan.
PENSĀREto weigh
espesarfrpeseritpesareptpesarropăsacapesar
PENSĀREto weigh in the mind, think
espensarfrpenseritpensareptpensarcapensar
PENSUMa weight (of wool)
espesofrpoidsitpesoptpesocapesenpoise
PENSIŌNEMa payment (weighed out)
espensiónfrpensionitpensioneptpensãoropensiecapensióenpension
COMPENSĀREto weigh one thing against another
escompensarfrcompenseritcompensareptcompensarrocompensacacompensarencompensate