«worker (manual, factory)» en siete lenguas
Significadoworker (manual, factory)
Español
/oˈbɾeɾo/
m.patrimonial
fem.: obrera
Francés
/uvʁije/
m.patrimonial
fem.: ouvrière
Italiano
/opeˈrajo/
m.patrimonial
Portugués
/opeˈɾaɾju/
m.cultismo
The inherited doublet obreiro survives, mostly for building workers.
Rumano
/muntʃiˈtor/
m.otro origen · Romanian munci 'to toil', from muncă (Old Church Slavonic mǫka)
Catalán
/uˈbɾe/
m.patrimonial
Inglés
/ˈwɝkɚ/
inglés patrimonial · Old English weorc + -er
El antepasado latino
OPERĀRIUM‘labourer (from OPUS, OPERIS 'work')’
Las seis hermanas descienden de él, salvo que se indique lo contrario abajo.
La historia
A textbook pair of laws: the p softens (b in Spanish, v in French, kept in Italian) and -ĀRIUM becomes -ero, -ier, -aio. Opera is the Latin plural of OPUS — 'works'.
Parientes en inglés: operate, operation, opera
Leyes fonéticas en acción
Apréndela
En una frase
- esLos obreros están en huelga.
- frLes ouvriers sont en grève.
- itGli operai sono in sciopero.
- ptOs operários estão em greve.
- roMuncitorii sunt în grevă.
- caEls obrers són en vaga.
- enThe workers are on strike.
La familia latina
OPUS, OPER-· work
Latin had both OPUS 'a work' and OPERA 'effort, labour'; the sisters inherited the second: obra, œuvre, opera. Spanish shows the popular P → b (obrar, obrero) against the learned operar, operación, and Italian's sung opera is simply 'the work'. Portuguese and Catalan obra are inherited as well; Romanian borrowed operă from the learned side.
OPERAMeffort, work
esobrafrœuvreitoperaptobrarooperăcaobraenopera
OPERĀRIUMworkman
esobrerofrouvrieritoperaioptoperáriocaobrer
OPERĀRĪto work
esoperarfropéreritoperareptoperarrooperacaoperarenoperate
OPERĀTIŌNEMa working
esoperaciónfropérationitoperazioneptoperaçãorooperațiecaoperacióenoperation
*MANUOPERAhandwork
esmaniobrafrmanœuvreitmanovraptmanobraromanevrăcamaniobraenmanoeuvre