«heavy» en set llengües
Significatheavy
Espanyol
/peˈsado/
patrimonial
Also 'annoying' of people: ¡qué pesado!
Francès
/luʁ/
un altre origen · Latin LŪRIDUM 'sallow, ghastly', via a sense 'dull, oafish'
Italià
/peˈsante/
patrimonial
Portuguès
/peˈzadu/
patrimonial
Romanès
/grew/
un altre origen · Latin GRAVEM 'heavy' (in a spoken variant with e)
fem.: grea
Català
/pəˈzan/
patrimonial
Anglès
/ˈhɛvi/
anglès patrimonial · Old English hefig
L’avantpassat llatí
PĒNSĀRE‘to weigh (frequentative of PENDERE)’
Les sis germanes en descendeixen, tret que s’indiqui el contrari a continuació.
La història
Spanish and Italian 'heavy' is 'weighed' (PĒNSĀRE, which also gave pensar 'to think' — weighing ideas). French lourd began as Latin LŪRIDUS 'sallow', English lurid.
Parents en anglès: pensive, poise, compensate (PĒNSĀRE); lurid (LŪRIDUM)
Aprèn-la
En una frase
- esEsta maleta pesa mucho.
- frCette valise est lourde.
- itQuesta valigia è pesante.
- ptEsta mala está pesada.
- roValiza asta e grea.
- caAquesta maleta pesa molt.
- enThis suitcase is heavy.
La família llatina
PEND-, PENS-· hang, weigh
PENSĀRE 'to weigh' already lost its n in spoken Latin (NS → S, as in MĒNSA → mesa), giving the inherited pesar, peser, pesare 'to weigh'. The Church and the schools kept the full form for 'weighing things in the mind', and pensar, penser, pensare 'to think' are that learned branch. French even has a third doublet: panser 'to dress (a wound)', originally just a spelling of penser 'to take care of'. Portuguese and Catalan keep both doublets (pesar beside pensar). Romanian kept only the worn-down one, as păsa 'to matter' (nu-mi pasă 'I don't care'), and thinks with gândi, a Hungarian loan.
PENSĀREto weigh
espesarfrpeseritpesareptpesarropăsacapesar
PENSĀREto weigh in the mind, think
espensarfrpenseritpensareptpensarcapensar
PENSUMa weight (of wool)
espesofrpoidsitpesoptpesocapesenpoise
PENSIŌNEMa payment (weighed out)
espensiónfrpensionitpensioneptpensãoropensiecapensióenpension
COMPENSĀREto weigh one thing against another
escompensarfrcompenseritcompensareptcompensarrocompensacacompensarencompensate