«to say, to tell» en set llengües
Significatto say, to tell
Espanyol
/deˈθiɾ/
patrimonial
Francès
/diʁ/
patrimonial
Italià
/ˈdire/
patrimonial
Short for older dicere, whose stem returns in dico, dicevo, detto.
Portuguès
/dʒiˈzeh/
patrimonial
Romanès
/ˈzitʃe/
patrimonial
Just as common is spune, from EXPŌNERE 'to set out'.
Català
/di/
patrimonial
Anglès
/seɪ/
anglès patrimonial · Old English secgan
L’avantpassat llatí
DĪCERE‘to say’
Les sis germanes en descendeixen, tret que s’indiqui el contrari a continuació.
La història
French and Italian both shrank DĪCERE to dire; Spanish kept the c (as θ) and moved the verb to the -ir class. The past participles are triplets: dicho, dit, detto (DICTUM).
Parents en anglès: diction, dictate, predict, verdict, contradict
Aprèn-la
En una frase
- es¿Qué ha dicho?
- frQu'est-ce qu'il a dit ?
- itCosa ha detto?
- ptO que ele disse?
- roCe-a zis?
- caQuè ha dit?
- enWhat did he say?
La família llatina
DĪC-, DICT-· say
DĪCERE and its participle DICTUM gave the everyday 'say' and 'said' in all three sisters. The learned branch kept -CT- (dictar, dicter, dictionary), and Italian shows the Latin -CT- → -tt- rule in both its inherited detto and its inherited-looking dettare. Romanian zice turns D before i into z, as it regularly does (DEUM → zeu 'god').
DĪCEREto say
esdecirfrdireitdireptdizerrozicecadir
DICTUMsaid; a saying
esdichofrdititdettoptditocaditenditto
DICTĀREto say repeatedly, dictate
esdictarfrdicteritdettareptditarrodictacadictarendictate
DICTIŌNĀRIUM (Medieval Latin)a book of words
esdiccionariofrdictionnaireitdizionarioptdicionáriorodicționarcadiccionariendictionary
BENEDĪCEREto speak well of, bless
esbendecirfrbéniritbenedireptbendizercabeneirenbenediction