«heavy» en siete lenguas
Significadoheavy
Español
/peˈsado/
patrimonial
Also 'annoying' of people: ¡qué pesado!
Francés
/luʁ/
otro origen · Latin LŪRIDUM 'sallow, ghastly', via a sense 'dull, oafish'
Italiano
/peˈsante/
patrimonial
Portugués
/peˈzadu/
patrimonial
Rumano
/grew/
otro origen · Latin GRAVEM 'heavy' (in a spoken variant with e)
fem.: grea
Catalán
/pəˈzan/
patrimonial
Inglés
/ˈhɛvi/
inglés patrimonial · Old English hefig
El antepasado latino
PĒNSĀRE‘to weigh (frequentative of PENDERE)’
Las seis hermanas descienden de él, salvo que se indique lo contrario abajo.
La historia
Spanish and Italian 'heavy' is 'weighed' (PĒNSĀRE, which also gave pensar 'to think' — weighing ideas). French lourd began as Latin LŪRIDUS 'sallow', English lurid.
Parientes en inglés: pensive, poise, compensate (PĒNSĀRE); lurid (LŪRIDUM)
Apréndela
En una frase
- esEsta maleta pesa mucho.
- frCette valise est lourde.
- itQuesta valigia è pesante.
- ptEsta mala está pesada.
- roValiza asta e grea.
- caAquesta maleta pesa molt.
- enThis suitcase is heavy.
La familia latina
PEND-, PENS-· hang, weigh
PENSĀRE 'to weigh' already lost its n in spoken Latin (NS → S, as in MĒNSA → mesa), giving the inherited pesar, peser, pesare 'to weigh'. The Church and the schools kept the full form for 'weighing things in the mind', and pensar, penser, pensare 'to think' are that learned branch. French even has a third doublet: panser 'to dress (a wound)', originally just a spelling of penser 'to take care of'. Portuguese and Catalan keep both doublets (pesar beside pensar). Romanian kept only the worn-down one, as păsa 'to matter' (nu-mi pasă 'I don't care'), and thinks with gândi, a Hungarian loan.
PENSĀREto weigh
espesarfrpeseritpesareptpesarropăsacapesar
PENSĀREto weigh in the mind, think
espensarfrpenseritpensareptpensarcapensar
PENSUMa weight (of wool)
espesofrpoidsitpesoptpesocapesenpoise
PENSIŌNEMa payment (weighed out)
espensiónfrpensionitpensioneptpensãoropensiecapensióenpension
COMPENSĀREto weigh one thing against another
escompensarfrcompenseritcompensareptcompensarrocompensacacompensarencompensate