«cold» en siete lenguas
Significadocold
Español
/ˈfɾio/
patrimonial
Francés
/fʁwa/
patrimonial
Italiano
/ˈfreddo/
patrimonial
Portugués
/ˈfɾiu/
patrimonial
Rumano
/ˈretʃe/
otro origen · Latin RECENTEM 'fresh'
Catalán
/fɾet/
patrimonial
Inglés
/koʊld/
inglés patrimonial · Old English cald
El antepasado latino
FRĪGIDUM‘cold’
Las seis hermanas descienden de él, salvo que se indique lo contrario abajo.
La historia
Spoken Latin shortened the first vowel (probably by analogy with RĬGIDUS), so Italian has freddo with e and French froid with oi; Spanish frío lost the g between vowels.
Parientes en inglés: frigid, refrigerator
Apréndela
En una frase
- esEl agua está fría.
- frL'eau est froide.
- itL'acqua è fredda.
- ptA água está fria.
- roApa e rece.
- caL'aigua està freda.
- enThe water is cold.
La familia latina
FRĪG-· cold
FRĪGIDUM was squeezed in speech to *FRIGDU, and French and Italian point to a short i (probably under the influence of RIGIDUS 'stiff'), giving froid and freddo; Spanish lost the -g- and the -d- to give frío. Centuries later the full Latin word came back as frígido, frigide, frigido, frigid — 'sexually cold' or 'frozen' in register. Portuguese frio and Catalan fred are inherited too (Catalan, like French and Italian, points to the short i); Romanian says rece, from RECENTEM 'fresh'.
FRĪGIDUMcold
esfríofrfroiditfreddoptfriocafred
FRĪGIDUMcold (learned)
esfrígidofrfrigideitfrigidoptfrígidorofrigidcafrígidenfrigid
REFRĪGERĀREto make cool again
esrefrigerarfrréfrigéreritrefrigerareptrefrigerarrorefrigeracarefrigerarenrefrigerate
FRĪGIDUM (via resfriar)a cold
esresfriadoptresfriado