“to think” em sete línguas
Significadoto think
Espanhol
/penˈsaɾ/
erudita
Semi-learned, yet it diphthongizes like an old word: pienso, piensas.
Francês
/pɑ̃se/
erudita
Italiano
/penˈsare/
erudita
Português
/pẽˈsah/
erudita
The inherited doublet is pesar 'to weigh'.
Romeno
/ɡɨnˈdi/
outra origem · Hungarian gond 'care, worry'
Catalão
/pənˈsa/
erudita
Inglês
/θɪŋk/
inglês nativo · Old English þencan
O ancestral latino
PĒNSĀRE‘to weigh, ponder’
As seis irmãs descendem dele, salvo indicação em contrário abaixo.
A história
Thinking was weighing. The inherited heirs of PĒNSĀRE lost the n and still mean 'to weigh' (pesar, peser, pesare); pensar, penser and pensare are the semi-learned doublets that kept it.
Parentes em inglês: pensive, pension, compensate, expensive
Aprenda
Em uma frase
- es¿Qué piensas?
- frQu'est-ce que tu en penses ?
- itCosa ne pensi?
- ptO que você pensa disso?
- roTu ce crezi?
- caQuè en penses?
- enWhat do you think?
A família latina
PEND-, PENS-· hang, weigh
PENSĀRE 'to weigh' already lost its n in spoken Latin (NS → S, as in MĒNSA → mesa), giving the inherited pesar, peser, pesare 'to weigh'. The Church and the schools kept the full form for 'weighing things in the mind', and pensar, penser, pensare 'to think' are that learned branch. French even has a third doublet: panser 'to dress (a wound)', originally just a spelling of penser 'to take care of'. Portuguese and Catalan keep both doublets (pesar beside pensar). Romanian kept only the worn-down one, as păsa 'to matter' (nu-mi pasă 'I don't care'), and thinks with gândi, a Hungarian loan.
PENSĀREto weigh
espesarfrpeseritpesareptpesarropăsacapesar
PENSĀREto weigh in the mind, think
espensarfrpenseritpensareptpensarcapensar
PENSUMa weight (of wool)
espesofrpoidsitpesoptpesocapesenpoise
PENSIŌNEMa payment (weighed out)
espensiónfrpensionitpensioneptpensãoropensiecapensióenpension
COMPENSĀREto weigh one thing against another
escompensarfrcompenseritcompensareptcompensarrocompensacacompensarencompensate
Mais palavras do mesmo étimo latino
Mais em “Verbos essenciais”
- to neednecesitaravoir besoin (de)avere bisogno (di)precisaravea nevoie (de)necessitar
- to get, to obtainobtenerobtenirottenereobterobțineobtenir
- to look (at)mirarregarderguardareolharuita (se)mirar
- to useusarutiliserusareusarfolosifer servir
- must, to have todeberdevoirdoveredevertrebuihaver de
- to showmostrarmontrermostraremostrararătaensenyar