« hand » en sept langues
Senshand
Espagnol
/ˈmano/
fém.héréditaire
Français
/mɛ̃/
fém.héréditaire
Italien
/ˈmano/
fém.héréditaire
pluriel: mani
Portugais
/mɐ̃w/
fém.héréditaire
pluriel: mãos
Roumain
/ˈmɨnə/
fém.héréditaire
pluriel: mâini
Catalan
/ma/
fém.héréditaire
pluriel: mans
Catalan dropped the final vowel and then the n (MANUM → mà); the plural mans keeps it.
Anglais
/hænd/
anglais natif · Old English hand
L’ancêtre latin
MANUM‘hand’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
A gender trap: mano ends in -o but is feminine (la mano), because Latin MANUS was feminine. French nasalised a + n into main.
Parents anglais: manual, manufacture, manicure
Lois phonétiques à l’œuvre
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- esLávate las manos antes de comer.
- frLave-toi les mains avant de manger.
- itLavati le mani prima di mangiare.
- ptLave as mãos antes de comer.
- roSpală-te pe mâini înainte de masă.
- caRenta't les mans abans de menjar.
- enWash your hands before eating.
La famille latine
MANU-· hand
MANUS was a feminine noun with an odd ending, and the sisters kept the gender against the look of the word: la mano in Spanish and Italian, la main in French. The hand also reached into 'holding' (maintain), 'sleeves' (manga) and 'way of doing' (manner). Portuguese a mão, Romanian mâna and Catalan la mà are feminine too.
MANUMhand
esmanofrmainitmanoptmãoromânăcamà
MANUĀLEMof the hand
esmanualfrmanuelitmanualeptmanualromanualcamanualenmanual
MANICAMsleeve
esmangafrmancheitmanicaptmangaromânecăcamàniga
MANŪ TENĒREto hold in the hand
esmantenerfrmainteniritmantenereptmanterromenținecamantenirenmaintain
*MANUĀRIAhandy; way of handling
esmanerafrmanièreitmanieraptmaneiraromanierăcamaneraenmanner