« free (not captive) » en sept langues
Sensfree (not captive)
Espagnol
/ˈlibɾe/
savant
Semi-learned; also 'vacant': ¿Está libre este asiento?
Français
/libʁ/
savant
Italien
/ˈlibero/
savant
Portugais
/ˈlivɾi/
savant
Roumain
/ˈliber/
savant
Catalan
/ˈʎiwɾə/
héréditaire
After the unstressed e fell, the b before r became a u glide: LIBERUM → lliure.
Anglais
/fɹi/
anglais natif · Old English frēo
L’ancêtre latin
LIBERUM‘free’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
'Free of charge' is a different word everywhere: gratis, gratuit, gratis/gratuito. Don't confuse LIBER 'free' with LIBER 'book' (originally 'inner bark'), source of libro, livre, libro.
Parents anglais: liberty, liberal, deliver
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- es¿Está libre este asiento?
- frCette place est libre ?
- itÈ libero questo posto?
- ptEste lugar está livre?
- roE liber locul ăsta?
- caEstà lliure aquest seient?
- enIs this seat free?
La famille latine
LĪBER-· free
LĪBERUM 'free' was so tied to law and the Church that in Spanish, French and Italian the adjective survives only in learned or semi-learned shapes (libre, libre, libero); Portuguese livre and Catalan lliure show more wear, and Romanian liber was taken from Latin. The verb LĪBERĀRE did run the popular course, turning into Spanish librar, Portuguese livrar, Catalan lliurar and French livrer 'to deliver' — the learned liberar, libérer is its doublet. Not to be confused with LIBRUM 'book' (short i, originally 'inner bark').
LĪBERUMfree
eslibrefrlibreitliberoptlivrerolibercalliure
LĪBERTĀTEMfreedom
eslibertadfrlibertéitlibertàptliberdaderolibertatecallibertatenliberty
LĪBERĀREto free; (legal) to hand over
eslibrarfrlivrerptlivrarcalliurarendeliver
LĪBERĀREto set free (learned)
esliberarfrlibéreritliberareptliberarroeliberaenliberate
LĪBERĀLEMbefitting a free man; generous
esliberalfrlibéralitliberaleptliberalroliberalcaliberalenliberal