« guest (also host) » en sept langues
Sensguest (also host)
Espagnol
/ˈwesped/
masc.héréditaire
Formal; for a party guest Spanish says invitado.
Français
/ot/
masc.héréditaire
Both host and guest; a hotel guest is a client.
Italien
/ˈɔspite/
masc.savant
Its inherited doublet is oste 'innkeeper'.
Portugais
/ˈɔspedʒi/
masc.savant
Semi-learned (the proparoxytone was never reduced); an invited guest is a convidado.
Roumain
/ˈo̯aspete/
masc.héréditaire
Catalan
/ˈɔstə/
masc.héréditaire
Like French hôte, it can mean both guest and host; an invited guest is a convidat.
Anglais
/gɛst/
parenté indo-européenne · PIE *gʰóstis
Native guest and borrowed host are distant cognates, both from PIE *gʰóstis.
L’ancêtre latin
HOSPITEM (nom. HOSPES)‘guest; host’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
Latin HOSPES meant both host and guest, and French hôte and Italian ospite still do. Spanish broke the open o (huésped, with a silent h in front); French lost the s and marked it with a circumflex.
Parents anglais: host, hospitality, hospital, hotel