« to do, to make » en sept langues
Sensto do, to make
Espagnol
/aˈθeɾ/
héréditaire
Français
/fɛʁ/
héréditaire
Italien
/ˈfare/
héréditaire
The full stem survives in faccio, facevo, fatto.
Portugais
/faˈzeh/
héréditaire
Roumain
/ˈfatʃe/
héréditaire
Catalan
/fe/
héréditaire
Anglais
/du/
parenté indo-européenne · PIE *dʰeh₁- 'to put, set'
L’ancêtre latin
FACERE‘to make, do’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
One verb covers both 'do' and 'make' in all three. Spanish shows the classic F- → h- (silent); French faire wore FACERE down (its ai is what is left of the c), and Italian fare is a shortened spoken *FARE, though Italian still says faccio and fatto.
Parents anglais: fact, factory, manufacture, affect, feature
Lois phonétiques à l’œuvre
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- es¿Qué haces?
- frQu'est-ce que tu fais ?
- itCosa fai?
- ptO que você está fazendo?
- roCe faci?
- caQuè fas?
- enWhat are you doing?
La famille latine
FAC-, FACT-· do, make
FACERE is the busiest verb in Latin, and its participle FACTUM split cleanly in two: worn down in speech to hecho, fait, fatto, and borrowed back intact by scholars as fact, factual, faction. Spanish adds a twist of its own, turning Latin F- into a silent h- (Old Spanish fazer, fecho). Portuguese feito and Catalan fet vocalize the cluster as French does, while Romanian, true to the Eastern branch, turns -CT- into -pt-: fapt.
FACEREto do, make
eshacerfrfaireitfareptfazerrofacecafer
FACTUMdone; a deed
eshechofrfaititfattoptfeitorofaptcafetenfact
PERFECTUMcompleted, perfect
esperfectofrparfaititperfettoptperfeitoroperfectcaperfecteenperfect
FACTIŌNEMa making; a party, faction
frfaçonptfeiçãoenfashion
FACTIŌNEMa party, faction (learned)
esfacciónfrfactionitfazioneptfacçãorofacțiunecafaccióenfaction
FACTŪRAMa making, workmanship
esfacturafrfactureitfatturaptfaturarofacturăcafactura