« to go » en sept langues
Sensto go
Espagnol
/iɾ/
héréditaire
Voy, vas, va come from VĀDERE; fui is borrowed from ser.
Français
/ale/
autre source · disputed; most likely Latin AMBULĀRE 'to walk' (via a worn-down *ALLARE)
Je vais is from VĀDERE and j'irai from ĪRE: three Latin verbs in one paradigm.
Italien
/anˈdare/
autre source · of disputed origin; often linked to AMBULĀRE or *AMBITĀRE
Vado, vai, va come from VĀDERE.
Portugais
/ih/
héréditaire
Roumain
/ˈmerdʒe/
autre source · Latin MERGERE 'to dip, sink'
Catalan
/əˈna/
autre source · of disputed origin; often linked to AMBULĀRE 'to walk'
Anglais
/ɡoʊ/
anglais natif · Old English gān
Attention : faux amis
merge (Anglais) signifie « to combine, join » · merge (Roumain) signifie « to go, walk; to work, function »
Both from Latin MERGERE 'to dip, plunge'. Romanian inherited it and moved from 'plunge on' to plain 'go' (merg acasă 'I'm going home'; merge 'it works'); English borrowed it as a legal 'sink into, absorb', hence 'combine'.
L’ancêtre latin
ĪRE‘to go’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
'To go' is a patchwork in all three: Latin ĪRE was too tiny to stand alone, so the sisters stitched it to VĀDERE 'to stride' and (probably) AMBULĀRE 'to walk'. Spanish kept ĪRE as the infinitive; French keeps it only in the future and conditional (j'irai, j'irais), Italian only in literary ire.
Parents anglais: exit, transit, itinerary (ĪRE); amble, ambulance (AMBULĀRE); invade, evade (VĀDERE)
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- esVamos a la playa.
- frOn va à la plage.
- itAndiamo al mare.
- ptA gente vai à praia.
- roMergem la plajă.
- caAnem a la platja.
- enWe're going to the beach.