« beautiful » en sept langues
Sensbeautiful
Espagnol
/eɾˈmoso/
autre source · Latin FORMŌSUM 'shapely'
Bonito is the everyday 'pretty'; bello is literary; lindo is very common in Latin America.
Français
/bo/
héréditaire
fém.: belle
Bel before a vowel: un bel homme.
Italien
/ˈbɛllo/
héréditaire
Changes like the article: bel tempo, bello stato, begli occhi.
Portugais
/boˈnitu/
autre source · a diminutive of bom 'good' (BONUM), probably through Spanish bonito
Lindo is just as common in Brazil.
Roumain
/fruˈmos/
autre source · Latin FORMŌSUM 'shapely'
fém.: frumoasă
The same FORMŌSUM as Spanish hermoso, with the r and the o swapped places.
Catalan
/buˈnik/
autre source · Catalan bo 'good' (BONUM) + -ic
Anglais
/ˈbjutəfəl/
du latin/français · Old French beauté (+ native -ful)
L’ancêtre latin
BELLUM‘pretty, nice’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
BELLUS was colloquial 'pretty' (classical PULCHER died out). Spanish chose FORMŌSUS 'well-shaped', with F- → h- (Portuguese formoso keeps the f). French vocalized the l: bel → beau.
Parents anglais: belle, embellish (BELLUM); form, formal (FORMŌSUM)
Lois phonétiques à l’œuvre
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- es¡Qué vista tan bonita!
- frQuelle belle vue !
- itChe bella vista!
- ptQue vista bonita!
- roCe priveliște frumoasă!
- caQuina vista més bonica!
- enWhat a beautiful view!