« eye » en sept langues
Senseye
Espagnol
/ˈoxo/
masc.héréditaire
Français
/œj/
masc.héréditaire
pluriel: yeux
The plural yeux [jø] looks unrelated: it comes from OCULOS, worn down differently.
Italien
/ˈɔkkjo/
masc.héréditaire
Portugais
/ˈoʎu/
masc.héréditaire
Roumain
/okʲ/
masc.héréditaire
pluriel: ochi
Catalan
/uʎ/
masc.héréditaire
Anglais
/aɪ/
parenté indo-européenne · PIE *h₃ekʷ-
Native eye and borrowed ocular are distant cognates: both from PIE *h₃ekʷ-.
L’ancêtre latin
OCULUM‘eye’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
Spoken Latin squeezed OCULUM to *oclu; each sister then softened the cl its own way: Spanish to a throaty j, French to a glide, Italian to cchi.
Parents anglais: ocular, binoculars, inoculate
Lois phonétiques à l’œuvre
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- esTiene los ojos azules.
- frElle a les yeux bleus.
- itHa gli occhi azzurri.
- ptEla tem olhos azuis.
- roAre ochi albaștri.
- caTé els ulls blaus.
- enShe has blue eyes.
La famille latine
OCUL-· eye
OCULUM, squeezed to *OCLU, is the classic showcase of the sisters' sound laws: ojo, œil, occhio. The learned branch is pure Latin (ocular, inoculate, from 'grafting a bud', an 'eye'), and French hides the root in aveugle 'blind', most likely from AB OCULĪS 'without eyes'. Portuguese olho, Romanian ochi and Catalan ull continue the pattern.
OCULUMeye
esojofrœilitocchioptolhoroochicaull
OCULĀREMof the eye
esocularfroculaireitoculareptocularroocularcaocularenocular
INOCULĀREto graft (insert a bud, 'an eye')
esinocularfrinoculeritinoculareptinocularroinoculacainoculareninoculate
MONOCULUM (Late Latin)one-eyed
esmonóculofrmonocleitmonocoloptmonóculoromonoclucamonocleenmonocle
AB OCULĪSwithout eyes
fraveugle