« shop, store » en sept langues
Sensshop, store
Espagnol
/ˈtjenda/
fém.autre source · Latin *TENDA 'tent, awning', from TENDERE 'to stretch'
Almacén, a store or warehouse, is the same Arabic word as French magasin.
Français
/magazɛ̃/
masc.autre source · Italian magazzino 'warehouse', from Arabic maḫāzin 'storehouses'
Italien
/neˈgɔttsjo/
masc.savant
Portugais
/ˈlɔʒɐ/
fém.autre source · French loge 'hut, lodge' (Frankish *laubja)
Roumain
/magaˈzin/
neutreautre source · French magasin (from Arabic maḫāzin 'storehouses')
pluriel: magazine
A trap: Romanian magazin is a shop, not a magazine (revistă).
Catalan
/buˈtigə/
fém.autre source · Latin APOTHĒCAM 'storehouse' (from Greek apothḗkē)
Anglais
/ʃɑp/
anglais natif · Old English sceoppa 'booth' (reinforced by Old French eschoppe, itself Germanic)
Attention : faux amis
tenda (Italien) signifie « curtain; tent » · tienda (Espagnol) signifie « shop; tent »
Both from spoken Latin *TENDITA 'something stretched out'. Spanish market stalls turned the tent into a shop; Italian stretched it across a window.
magazzino (Italien) signifie « warehouse » · magasin (Français) signifie « shop »
Both from Arabic makhāzin 'storehouses', which entered Romance through Italian; French magasin moved from 'storehouse' to 'shop'. Spanish almacén took the Arabic directly, article and all.
negocio (Espagnol) signifie « business, deal » · negozio (Italien) signifie « shop »
Both from Latin NEGŌTIUM 'business' (literally 'not-leisure'). Italian narrowed it to the place where business is done.
magazine (Anglais) signifie « periodical; ammunition store » · magazin (Roumain) signifie « shop, store »
Both go back to Arabic makhāzin 'storehouses', through Italian magazzino and French magasin. Romanian took the French 'shop'; English kept 'storehouse' (still in a gun's magazine) and made a 'storehouse of information' of it, the periodical.
L’ancêtre latin
NEGŌTIUM‘business (lit. 'non-leisure')’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
A shop is a market stall's awning in Spanish, an Arabic warehouse in French, and 'business' in Italian. English magazine started as a storehouse too — of articles.
Parents anglais: negotiate; magazine (MAḪĀZIN, via French); tent (TENDA)
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- esLas tiendas cierran a las ocho.
- frLes magasins ferment à huit heures.
- itI negozi chiudono alle otto.
- ptAs lojas fecham às oito.
- roMagazinele se închid la opt.
- caLes botigues tanquen a les vuit.
- enThe shops close at eight.
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