« worker (manual, factory) » en sept langues
Sensworker (manual, factory)
Espagnol
/oˈbɾeɾo/
masc.héréditaire
fém.: obrera
Français
/uvʁije/
masc.héréditaire
fém.: ouvrière
Italien
/opeˈrajo/
masc.héréditaire
Portugais
/opeˈɾaɾju/
masc.savant
The inherited doublet obreiro survives, mostly for building workers.
Roumain
/muntʃiˈtor/
masc.autre source · Romanian munci 'to toil', from muncă (Old Church Slavonic mǫka)
Catalan
/uˈbɾe/
masc.héréditaire
Anglais
/ˈwɝkɚ/
anglais natif · Old English weorc + -er
L’ancêtre latin
OPERĀRIUM‘labourer (from OPUS, OPERIS 'work')’
Les six sœurs en descendent, sauf indication contraire ci-dessous.
L’histoire
A textbook pair of laws: the p softens (b in Spanish, v in French, kept in Italian) and -ĀRIUM becomes -ero, -ier, -aio. Opera is the Latin plural of OPUS — 'works'.
Parents anglais: operate, operation, opera
Lois phonétiques à l’œuvre
L’apprendre
Dans une phrase
- esLos obreros están en huelga.
- frLes ouvriers sont en grève.
- itGli operai sono in sciopero.
- ptOs operários estão em greve.
- roMuncitorii sunt în grevă.
- caEls obrers són en vaga.
- enThe workers are on strike.
La famille latine
OPUS, OPER-· work
Latin had both OPUS 'a work' and OPERA 'effort, labour'; the sisters inherited the second: obra, œuvre, opera. Spanish shows the popular P → b (obrar, obrero) against the learned operar, operación, and Italian's sung opera is simply 'the work'. Portuguese and Catalan obra are inherited as well; Romanian borrowed operă from the learned side.
OPERAMeffort, work
esobrafrœuvreitoperaptobrarooperăcaobraenopera
OPERĀRIUMworkman
esobrerofrouvrieritoperaioptoperáriocaobrer
OPERĀRĪto work
esoperarfropéreritoperareptoperarrooperacaoperarenoperate
OPERĀTIŌNEMa working
esoperaciónfropérationitoperazioneptoperaçãorooperațiecaoperacióenoperation
*MANUOPERAhandwork
esmaniobrafrmanœuvreitmanovraptmanobraromanevrăcamaniobraenmanoeuvre