Català per a qui parla francès

comparteixen origen

71 %

heretades a totes dues bandes

27 %

per aprendre de zero

29 %

2.264 paraules comparades

Paraules que ja coneixes

Paraules quotidianes les formes de les quals en francès i en català venen del mateix origen.

• je→jo
• il→ell
• si→si
• non→no
• ou→o
• nous→nosaltres
• et→i
• bras→braç
• lit→llit
• chat→gat
• vache→vaca
• oreille→orella
• œuf→ou
• œil→ull
• loin→lluny
• comment→com
• clé→clau
• jambe→cama
• homme→home
• huile→oli
• vieux→vell
• mer→mar
• elle→ella
• ciel→cel

Les lleis fonètiques entre totes dues

Canvis regulars que converteixen una paraula en francès en el seu cognat en català: aprèn-ne un i et servirà per a centenars de paraules.

• Stressed short E breaks into ieie, i (open syllable); e (closed)→e [ɛ] (no diphthong); i next to a palatal (llit)PETRAMpierre→pedra
• Stressed short O breaks into ue / uo / eueu, œu (open syllable); o (closed)→o [ɔ] (no diphthong)NOVUMneuf→nou
• French stressed free A becomes ee, è, é; ie after a palatal (chien)→a (kept)MAREmer→mar
• French fronts long U to [y]u [y]→u [u] (kept)LŪNAMlune→lluna
• AU becomes oo (spelled o or au)→oAURUMor→or
• French vowel + nasal becomes a nasal vowelnasal vowel (ɑ̃ ɔ̃ ɛ̃); n/m silent→oral vowel; final n after the stress lost (pa, vi)PĀNEMpain→pa
• Spanish initial F- becomes h- (silent)f- kept→f- keptFĪLIUM (fr. from nom. FĪLIUS)fils→fill
• Voiceless stops between vowels softenv; t, c lost→b (v) d g; p t c again at the end of a word (amic, agut)VĪTAMvie→vida
• C before E and Is (c, ç)→s (c, ç); between vowels lost, or u at the end (veí, deu)CAELUMciel→cel
• French CA becomes chacha, che, chie [ʃ]→ca keptCABALLUMcheval→cavall
• Initial I- (J-) and G before E, Ij, g [ʒ]→j, g [ʒ]IOCUMjeu→joc
• B and V merge in Spanishv kept; B between vowels → v→merged as in Spanish (Central Catalan); v kept in Balearic and parts of ValenciaVĪNUMvin→vi
• Germanic W- becomes gu- / g-g(u)- [g]→gu- ([gw] before a, o; [g] before e, i)Germanic *WERRAguerre→guerra
• L before a consonant becomes ul → u, fused with the vowel: au [o], ou [u], eau→l kept (altre, falç)ALTERUMautre→altre
• CTit (i + t)→it, t (the i absorbed by the vowel: nit, fet)NOCTEMnuit→nit
• L + yodil, ill [j]→ll [ʎ]FOLIAMfeuille→fulla
• C'L inside a wordil, ill [j]→ll [ʎ]OCULUMœil→ull
• CL-, PL-, FL- at the start of a wordcl- pl- fl- (kept)→cl- pl- fl- (kept)CLĀVEMclé→clau
• NN, GN and N + yodgn [ɲ]; NN → n (nasal vowel at the end)→ny [ɲ], also from NN (any)ANNUMan→any
• S + consonant at the start of a wordé- (from es-, s lost)→es-STELLAMétoile→estrella
• French loses S before a consonant (^)s lost; often marked ^ (ê â ô î û)→s keptFESTAMfête→festa
• Italian assimilates clusterssimplified or lost: pt → t; x → s→simplified: pt → t, mn → n; x → ix [ʃ]SEPTEMsept→set
• Final vowelsdropped; -A → mute -e→dropped except -a (said [ə]); -e kept after clustersLUPUMloup→llop
• Plurals: -s or -i-s, -x (written, mostly silent; from the accusative)→-s, -es (from the accusative)LUPŌS (acc.) / LUPĪ (nom.)loups→llops
• -TĀTEM: -dad, -té, -tà-té→-tatCĪVITĀTEMcité→ciutat
• -TIŌNEM: learned -ción, inherited -zón-tion (learned); inherited -son→-ció (learned); inherited -ó (raó, tió)RATIŌNEMraison→raó
• -ĀRIUM: -ero, -ier, -aio-ier, -ière→-er, -eraCABALLĀRIUMchevalier→cavaller
• Adverbs in -mente / -ment-ment→-mentCLĀRĀ MENTEclairement→clarament
• Single L between vowels: lost in Portuguese, r in Romanianl kept→l keptFĪLUMfil→fil
• Portuguese loses single N between vowelsn kept between vowels; at the end, a nasal vowel→n kept; lost where it became final (mà; see final-n)LĀNAMlaine→llana
• Romanian turns velars into labialsit, iss, gn; qu (velar kept, palatalized or lost)→it/t, ix [ʃ], ny; qu, guOCTŌhuit→vuit
• Romanian T, D, S before i become ț, z, șt, d, s kept→t, d, s keptDĪCEREdire→dir
• Catalan drops -n at the end of a wordn silent, vowel nasal (pain, vin)→lost (pa, vi); back in the plural (pans, vins)PĀNEMpain→pa

Falsos amics a vigilar

• voler (Català) vol dir «to want» · voler (Francès) vol dir «to fly; to steal»

  Coincidence. Catalan voler is spoken Latin *VOLĒRE (for VELLE 'to want'), the source of French vouloir; French voler is VOLĀRE 'to fly', and 'to steal' came from the falconer's bird flying off with its prey.

Paraules per aprendre de zero

Paraules comunes en què el català ha seguit el seu propi camí.

• dansen
• mauvaisdolent
• boîtecapsa
• garçonnoi
• maisperò
• voiturecotxe
• jourdia
• chiengos
• grosgras
• pourper a
• nouveaunou
• stylobolígraf