Francês para quem fala italiano

têm a mesma origem

75%

herdadas nas duas

30%

para aprender do zero

25%

2.264 palavras comparadas

Palavras que você já conhece

Palavras do dia a dia cujas formas em italiano e em francês vêm da mesma origem.

• io→je
• lui→il
• se→si
• no→non
• o→ou
• noi→nous
• e→et
• braccio→bras
• letto→lit
• ma→mais
• gatto→chat
• vacca→vache
• giorno→jour
• cane→chien
• orecchio→oreille
• uovo→œuf
• occhio→œil
• come→comment
• chiave→clé
• gamba→jambe
• uomo→homme
• olio→huile
• vecchio→vieux
• mare→mer

As leis fonéticas entre elas

Mudanças regulares que transformam uma palavra em italiano no seu cognato em francês — aprenda uma e ela rende em centenas de palavras.

• Stressed short E breaks into ieie (open syllable); e (closed)→ie, i (open syllable); e (closed)PETRAMpietra→pierre
• Stressed short O breaks into ue / uo / euuo (open syllable); o (closed)→eu, œu (open syllable); o (closed)NOVUMnuovo→neuf
• French stressed free A becomes ea (kept)→e, è, é; ie after a palatal (chien)MAREmare→mer
• French fronts long U to [y]u [u] (kept)→u [y]LŪNAMluna→lune
• AU becomes oo→o (spelled o or au)AURUMoro→or
• French vowel + nasal becomes a nasal vowelvowel + n kept→nasal vowel (ɑ̃ ɔ̃ ɛ̃); n/m silentPĀNEMpane→pain
• Spanish initial F- becomes h- (silent)f- kept→f- keptFĪLIUM (fr. from nom. FĪLIUS)figlio→fils
• Voiceless stops between vowels softenmostly kept (p t c)→v; t, c lostVĪTAMvita→vie
• C before E and Itʃ (c)→s (c, ç)CAELUMcielo→ciel
• French CA becomes chaca kept→cha, che, chie [ʃ]CABALLUMcavallo→cheval
• Initial I- (J-) and G before E, Igi, g [dʒ]→j, g [ʒ]IOCUMgioco→jeu
• B and V merge in Spanishv kept; B between vowels → v→v kept; B between vowels → vVĪNUMvino→vin
• Germanic W- becomes gu- / g-gu- [gw]→g(u)- [g]Germanic *WERRAguerra→guerre
• L before a consonant becomes ul kept (altro, caldo)→l → u, fused with the vowel: au [o], ou [u], eauALTERUMaltro→autre
• CTtt→it (i + t)NOCTEMnotte→nuit
• L + yodgli [ʎʎ]→il, ill [j]FOLIAMfoglia→feuille
• C'L inside a wordcchi [kkj]→il, ill [j]OCULUMocchio→œil
• CL-, PL-, FL- at the start of a wordchi- pi- fi-→cl- pl- fl- (kept)CLĀVEMchiave→clé
• NN, GN and N + yodnn kept; GN, NI → gn [ɲɲ]→gn [ɲ]; NN → n (nasal vowel at the end)ANNUManno→an
• S + consonant at the start of a words- (kept; takes lo, gli)→é- (from es-, s lost)STELLAMstella→étoile
• French loses S before a consonant (^)s kept→s lost; often marked ^ (ê â ô î û)FESTAMfesta→fête
• Italian assimilates clustersassimilated: tt, ss, ss, nn→simplified or lost: pt → t; x → sSEPTEMsette→sept
• Final vowels-o, -a, -e kept→dropped; -A → mute -eLUPUMlupo→loup
• Plurals: -s or -i-i, -e (from the nominative)→-s, -x (written, mostly silent; from the accusative)LUPŌS (acc.) / LUPĪ (nom.)lupi→loups
• -TĀTEM: -dad, -té, -tà-tà→-téCĪVITĀTEMcittà→cité
• -TIŌNEM: learned -ción, inherited -zón-zione (learned); inherited -zzone or -gione→-tion (learned); inherited -sonRATIŌNEMragione→raison
• -ĀRIUM: -ero, -ier, -aio-aio, -aia (Tuscan); also -aro, -iere→-ier, -ièreCABALLĀRIUMcavaliere→chevalier
• Adverbs in -mente / -ment-mente→-mentCLĀRĀ MENTEchiaramente→clairement
• Single L between vowels: lost in Portuguese, r in Romanianl kept→l keptFĪLUMfilo→fil
• Portuguese loses single N between vowelsn kept→n kept between vowels; at the end, a nasal vowelLĀNAMlana→laine
• Romanian turns velars into labialstt, ss, gn; qu, gu (assimilated or kept)→it, iss, gn; qu (velar kept, palatalized or lost)OCTŌotto→huit
• Romanian T, D, S before i become ț, z, șt, d, s kept→t, d, s keptDĪCEREdire→dire
• Catalan drops -n at the end of a wordn kept, final vowel kept (pane, vino)→n silent, vowel nasal (pain, vin)PĀNEMpane→pain

Falsos amigos para ficar de olho

• fermare (Italiano) significa “to stop” · fermer (Francês) significa “to close, shut”

  Both from Latin FIRMĀRE 'to make firm, fix'. Italian holds something still; French makes it fast. Spanish firmar went a third way: 'to sign'.

• presto (Italiano) significa “soon, early” · prêt (Francês) significa “ready”

  Both from Latin PRAESTŌ 'at hand' (Late Latin adjective PRAESTUS). French kept 'ready'; Italian 'right away' → 'soon'. The two languages crossed with pronto.

• magasin (Francês) significa “shop” · magazzino (Italiano) significa “warehouse”

  Both from Arabic makhāzin 'storehouses', which entered Romance through Italian; French magasin moved from 'storehouse' to 'shop'. Spanish almacén took the Arabic directly, article and all.

Palavras para aprender do zero

Palavras comuns em que o francês seguiu seu próprio caminho.

• indans
• cattivomauvais
• scatolaboîte
• ragazzogarçon
• macchinavoiture
• papàpapa
• lontanoloin
• grassogros
• perpour
• nuovonouveau
• pennastylo
• maialecochon