Portugués para quien habla rumano
Ya sabes más portugués de lo que crees. De las 2264 palabras cotidianas de Cognata, 1278 tienen un cognado en rumano: la misma palabra, remodelada por siglos de habla. Empieza por ellas, aprende los cambios regulares que unen las dos lenguas y no pierdas de vista los falsos amigos.
Fija tu combinación en rumano → portugués y abre los cognados.
- comparten origen
- 56 %
- heredadas en ambas
- 11 %
- para aprender de cero
- 44 %
2264 palabras comparadas
Palabras que ya conoces
Palabras cotidianas cuyas formas en rumano y en portugués vienen del mismo origen.
Las leyes fonéticas entre ellas
Cambios regulares que convierten una palabra en rumano en su cognado en portugués: aprende uno y rinde en cientos de palabras.
- Stressed short E breaks into ieie; ia before a or ă (piatră); fused with a preceding d, t (zece, țară)e [ɛ] (no diphthong)PETRAMpiatrăpedra
- Stressed short O breaks into ue / uo / euo; oa [o̯a] when a or e follows (poartă, moarte)o [ɔ] (no diphthong)NOVUMnounovo
- French stressed free A becomes ea (kept); â before n (câine)a (kept)MAREmaremar
- French fronts long U to [y]u [u] (kept)u [u] (kept)LŪNAMlunălua
- AU becomes oau (kept); ău unstressedou (said [o] in Brazil)AURUMaurouro
- French vowel + nasal becomes a nasal vowelvowel + n kept; vowel raised before n (pâine, mână, timp)nasal vowel or diphthong too (pão, bom, fim)PĀNEMpâinepão
- Spanish initial F- becomes h- (silent)f- keptf- keptFĪLIUM (fr. from nom. FĪLIUS)fiufilho
- Voiceless stops between vowels softenkept (p t c)b (v) d gVĪTAMvităvida
- C before E and Itʃ (c)s (c, ç); z [z] between vowelsCAELUMcercéu
- French CA becomes chaca kept (câ-, că- in Romanian spelling)ca keptCABALLUMcalcavalo
- Initial I- (J-) and G before E, Ij [ʒ] (joc); g [dʒ] before e, i (ger)j, g [ʒ]IOCUMjocjogo
- B and V merge in Spanishv kept; B and V between vowels often lost (cal)v kept; B between vowels → vVĪNUMvinvinho
- L before a consonant becomes ul kept (alt, cald)al → ou, oi in some words (outro, foice); written l elsewhere, said [w] in BrazilALTERUMaltoutro
- CTptit (i + t)NOCTEMnoaptenoite
- L + yodi [j] (the l lost)lh [ʎ]FOLIAMfoaiefolha
- C'L inside a wordchi, che [kʲ]lh [ʎ]OCULUMochiolho
- CL-, PL-, FL- at the start of a wordCL- → che-, chi- [kʲ]; PL-, FL- keptch- [ʃ]CLĀVEMcheiechave
- NN, GN and N + yodNI → i (vie); GN → mn (pumn); NN → n (an)nh [ɲ]; NN → nANNUManano
- S + consonant at the start of a words- (kept)es-STELLAMsteaestrela
- French loses S before a consonant (^)s kepts keptCOSTAMcoastăcosta
- Italian assimilates clusterspt and mn kept (șapte, somn); x → s, pssimplified: pt → t, mn → n; x → ss or ix [jʃ]SEPTEMșaptesete
- Final vowels-a → -ă, -e kept; -o (-U) dropped after a single consonant-o, -a, -e kept (said [u], [ɐ], [i]); -e dropped after a single r, l, s, z, nLUPUMluplobo
- Plurals: -s or -i-i, -e (like Italian); -uri for many neuters-s, -es (from the accusative)LUPŌS (acc.) / LUPĪ (nom.)lupilobos
- -TĀTEM: -dad, -té, -tà-tate-dade (-tade after a consonant)CĪVITĀTEMcetatecidade
- -TIŌNEM: learned -ción, inherited -zón-țiune (learned); inherited -ciune (tăciune)-ção (learned and inherited alike: nação, razão)RATIŌNEMrațiune (learned)razão
- -ĀRIUM: -ero, -ier, -aio-ar, -are (căldare)-eiro, -eiraCALDĀRIAMcăldarecaldeira
- Single L between vowels: lost in Portuguese, r in Romanianr (cer, fir, sare)lost (céu, fio, cor)FĪLUMfirfio
- Portuguese loses single N between vowelsn kept; a before it raised to â (lână, mână)lost, nasalizing the vowel (lã, mão); later often oral (lua, boa) or nh (vinho)LĀNAMlânălã
- Romanian turns velars into labialspt, ps, mn; p, b (labial)it, x [ʃ], nh; qu, guOCTŌoptoito
- Romanian T, D, S before i become ț, z, șț [ts], z, ș [ʃ]kept; t, d said [tʃ], [dʒ] before i in Brazil (dia)DĪCEREzicedizer
- Catalan drops -n at the end of a wordn kept (pâine, vin)nasal vowel or diphthong (pão, vinho, bom)PĀNEMpâinepão
Falsos amigos a vigilar
Aún no hay trampas clásicas entre estas dos en Cognata, pero cada página de palabra señala las que conoce.
Palabras para aprender de cero
Palabras comunes en las que el portugués siguió su propio camino.